• 专利附录
  • 专利说明
  • 权利要求
  • 类似技术
  • 同族专利
  • 引用文献
  • 法律状态
  • 优先权
    • 专利摘要:

    公开号:AT510043A4
    申请号:T0133310
    申请日:2010-08-06
    公开日:2012-01-15
    发明作者:
    申请人:Aschauer Roland Dr；Schwarzmann Andreas Ing；Hamann Ernst Ing；Jordan Philipp Mag；
    IPC主号:
    专利说明:

    Tempering element for heating and rapid cooling of test samples
    The invention relates to a tempering element for a measuring device for tempering a test sample with a first heating element, which is designed for outputting heat energy to the test sample, and with a second heating element, which is designed for discharging heat energy to the test sample by heat conduction via the first heating element , and with control means for controlling the heating of the test sample, wherein the first heating element and preferably additionally the second heating element are provided for heating the sample to reach a limit temperature and wherein from the limit temperature, the thermal resistance between the first heating element and the second heating element is increased.
    The invention further relates to a tempering method for a measuring device for tempering a measuring sample, wherein the following method steps are carried out: heating the measuring sample with a first heating element and preferably additionally with a second heating element; Measurement on the test sample.
    The document EP 0 540 886 A2 discloses such a tempering element for heating measurement samples and such a temperature control method, such a Tcmperierungselement is provided for example in Flammpunkmessgeräten. The known Temperierungselement is formed of a plate-shaped Peltier element and an electrically operated heating plate, wherein a liquid-filled chamber is provided between the two plates. A Peltier element can be used both for heating and for cooling, whereby a certain limit temperature must not be exceeded in order not to thermally destroy the Peltier element. With the Peltier element, the measurement sample can be tempered within a certain temperature range, ie heated and cooled or kept at a temperature. However, if the test sample is to be heated above the limit temperature, the Peltier element must be thermally decoupled to avoid damage.
    In the known Teinperierungselement, the liquid provided in the chamber has a boiling point which is lower than the limit temperature. If the heating plate heats up the test sample, and thus also the liquid and the Peltier element, to the boiling point of the liquid, the liquid evaporates and collects in a compensating vessel. This increases the thermal resistance between the plates and thermally decouples the Peltier element from the heating plate. The hotplate can then heat the test sample to high temperatures above the limit temperature in order to carry out the measurement on the test sample.
    After the measurement, the sample and the tempering element must cool down before the sample can be taken out of the Flammpunkimcssgerät to perform the next Flammpunktmcssung. During the cooling process, after falling below the condensation temperature of the liquid, the chamber is filled again with the liquid and thermally coupled the Peltier element with the heating plate and the test sample.
    In the known Temperierungselement has proved to be a disadvantage that the cooling process takes a lot of time, in which the flash point meter is not usable.
    Furthermore, it has proved to be a disadvantage that the liquid has a not negligible relatively large thermal resistance, which is why the heat splitting of the Peltier element on the liquid and the first heating plate to the test sample does not work very effectively. Thus, no good efficiency of the Peltier element in cooling and heating of the sample is achieved.
    Another disadvantage has proved to be that even at temperatures above the limit temperature, with vaporized liquid in the chamber, heat conduction still takes place between the Peltier element and the first heating plate. In the known Temperierungselement thus takes place no complete thermal decoupling, w'as disadvantageous.
    As an additional disadvantage of the known Temperierungselements has been found that the chamber can be easily leaked by the thermal loads, after which the liquid can escape into the meter and air enters the chamber, so that the other function is very limited.
    The invention is therefore based on the object to provide a Temperierungselement and a method for tempering, in which the above-mentioned disadvantages are avoided.
    This object is achieved in a Tempericrungselemcnt in that the control means are formed upon reaching the Grenztemperalur for mechanically separating the contacting of the first heating element with the second heating element, and that a cooling element for extracting heat energy is provided, and that the control means for controlling the cooling formed of the measuring sample, wherein thermal energy is withdrawn by approach of the cooling element to the first heating element and preferably by interrupted contacting the Kühlciements with the first heating element of the sample.
    This object is achieved in a Temperierungsverfahren in that the following steps are carried out: separation of the mechanical contact between the first heating element and the second heating element when a limit temperature is exceeded during heating of the sample; Cooling the sample by Nähnem a cooling element to the first heating element to reduce the thermal resistance between the cooling element and the first heating element for removing heat energy of the sample, preferably the time interval between the cooling element and the first heating element is changed.
    By separating the mechanical contact between the heating elements from the limit temperature of the thermal resistance between the heating elements is very large, which is why from the limit temperature virtually no heat is transferred from the first heating element to the second heating element. This advantageously ensures that the second heating element does not suffer thermal damage.
    The approach of the Kühlelemenls during the cooling process to the first heating plate, the Wärmeleitwiderstand between the Kühlelemenl and the first heating plate, whereby the first heating plate and consequently also the sample are cooled decreases When cooling, the cooling element can be positioned at a small distance from the first heating plate, wherein the air-filled distance between the two plates determines the thermal resistance. The distance is dimensioned so that the thermal resistance is small enough so that the cooling element really cools the first heating plate. At the same time the distance is chosen but large enough so that the thermal resistance is large enough to heat the Kühlelcments on the limit temperature by too rapid absorption of heat energy from the first heating plate. 4
    • «• P fr * to prevent.
    Preferably, however, the cooling element is temporarily brought into mechanical contact with the first heating plate, whereby the first heating plate cools very quickly and heats the cooling element very quickly. Temperature-controlled or time-controlled, the cooling element is lifted again from the first heating plate, whereupon the cooling element can cool itself again, before it is again brought into contact with the first heating plate.
    This has the advantage that the cooling element can be used immediately after the measurement on the measurement sample, ie at temperatures well above the limit temperature of the cooling element, for cooling the first heating element and thus also for cooling the measurement sample. Since the temperature control does not require the use of liquids, improved operational safety is provided.
    Further advantageous embodiments of the temperature control element according to the invention and the temperature control method are explained in more detail below with reference to the figures.
    FIG. 1 shows a flash point measuring device with a tempering element.
    FIG. 2 shows schematically the tempering element during the heating up of the measurement sample below the limit temperature.
    FIG. 3 shows schematically the tempering element during the cooling of the test sample after reaching the limit temperature.
    FIG. 4 shows temperature curves and control signals during heating and during cooling of the test sample.
    FIG. 5 shows three temperature curves during heating and during cooling of the test sample.
    FIG. 1 shows a flash point measuring device 1 with a shell 2 into which a measurement sample MP can be introduced. With the flash point meter 1, for example, the flashpoint of OL gasoline and other liquids can be measured. The flash point of oil is usually in the temperature range of 180 ° to 250 ° C, which is why the oil z for measuring the flash point initially heated to 180 ° C and then with a constant rate of increase under periodic impression of a spark.
    FIG. 2 shows symbolically the structure of a tempering element 3 of the flash point measuring device 1, with which the measuring sample MP provided in the shell 2 is heated. A first temperature sensor 4 in the shell 2 measures the temperature T of the sample MP. Control means 5 of the flash point measuring device 1 are supplied with the measured values of the different sensors of the flash point measuring device 1 and the control means 5 are designed to control the heating of the measuring sample MP, the measurement on the measuring sample MP and the cooling of the measuring sample MP, whereupon the process is described in more detail below.
    The flash point meter 1 further has a spark generator 6. which is controlled by the control device 5 for outputting a spark F is formed. While the measuring sample MP is continuously heated up, the temperature increase with the spark F is checked per degree C as to whether the flash point temperature of the measuring sample MP has already been reached. Upon reaching the flash point temperature of the sample MP, a flammable mixture is formed in the shell 2 above the liquid level of the sample MP, which is ignited by the ignition spark F. The flame is detected by a sensor 7 and the control means 5 then store the current temperature of the first temperature sensor 4 as the flash point temperature of the measurement sample MP. The measurement sample MP then has to be cooled again by the temperature control element 3, whose construction and mode of operation are described in more detail below.
    The tempering element 3 has a first heating element 8, which is formed by a brass plate with electrically operated heating elements. On the first heating element 8, a second temperature sensor 9 is provided, with which the control means 5 measure the current temperature T of the first heating element 8. The first heating element 8 is arranged directly above the shell 2, for which reason heat energy is transferred from the first heating element 8 to the measuring sample MP.
    The temperature control element 3 further has a second heating element 10. which is formed by a further brass plate 11 and two Peltier elements 12 and 13 and a heat sink 14 together with fan. The Peltier elements 12 and 13 can be used both for heating and for cooling, wherein a damage temperature of the Peltier elements 12 and 13 must not be exceeded in order to prevent thermal destruction of the Peltier elements 12 and 13, in the data sheet of the Peltier elements 12 and 13 according to the embodiment of the invention is indicated as the damage temperature 120 ° C. The control means 5 monitor the temperature T of the Peltier elements 12 and 13 by means of a third temperature sensor 15.
    The Temperierungsdement 3 further has a motor M together with lifting mechanism with which the brass plate of the first heating element 8 placed on the brass plate 11 of the second heating element 10 or brought into direct mechanical contact and with the brass plates are positioned at a distance A to each other can. As a result, the thermal resistance between the first heating element 8 and the second heating element 10, which also forms a cooling element, changed.
    In order to ensure heating and rapid cooling of the measuring sample MP, the control means 5 are designed to control the tempering element 3 in accordance with the tempering method described below. In order to ensure rapid heating of a measuring sample MP introduced into the flame-punk measuring device 1, the control means 5 actuate the motor M in order to bring the second heating element 10 into direct mechanical contact with the first heating element 8. Subsequently, the control means 5 control both heating elements 8 and 10 for heating. The heat energy generated by the second heating element 10 is delivered from the brass plate 11 to the brass plate of the first heating element 8 and from there to the sample MP. At the same time, the heating elements of the first heating element 8 also heat up the brass plate of the first heating element 8, as a result of which the measuring sample MP is heated additionally and thus particularly rapidly. In FIG. 4, the temperature curve Γ-ΜΡ1 of the temperature T of the measuring plate of the first heating element 8 measured with the second temperature sensor 9 and the temperature profile T-MP2 of the temperature T of the measuring plate 11 of the second heating element 10 measured with the third temperature sensor 15 are over the time t shown. Since the damage temperature of the Peltier elements 12 and 13, from which there is the risk of damage, is 120 ° C, the limit temperature would be 100 ° C festgclegt. When the limit temperature GT is reached, the control means 5 actuate the motor M with a control signal S1 shown in FIG. 4 in order to lift the second heating element 10 away from the first heating element 8 and to position it at the distance A, as shown in FIG. According to the Ausfüihrungsbeispiel the distance A has a length of 3mm, which is sufficiently large that virtually no heat conduction takes place between the brass plates. At the same time reaching the Grenztemperalur GT, the control means 5 control the Peltier elements 12 and 13 from the heating operation in the cooling operation, which is why the temperature T of the brass plate 11 of the second heating element 10 decreases relatively quickly to below 50 ° C, as at the Tcmpcraturvcrlauf T. -MP2 can be seen in Figure 4. The heating elements of the first heating element 8 heat up the measurement sample MP beyond the limit temperature GT, as can be seen from the temperature profile T-MP1 in FIG. At a temperature of 200 ° C, the flash point of the sample MP is detected, which is why at the time tl the measurement is completed and from a time 12, the cooling process of the sample MP begins. The control means 5 then deliver the control signal S1 to the motor M, which brings the second heating element 10 back into mechanical contact with the first heating element 8. Since the Mcssingplattc 11 of the second heating element 10 is cooled by the Peltier elements 12 and 13 to 40 ° C, withdraws the brass plate 11 of the 200 ° C hot brass plate of the first heating element 8 very much heat energy and cools them up to the time t3 182 ° C from. At the time t3, however, the brass plate 11 has heated up to the limit temperature GT despite continuous cooling by the Peltier elements 12 and 13, for which reason the control means 5 again emit the control signal S1 to the motor M and the second heating element 10 from the first Lift off heating element.
    This has the advantage that the already cooledc brass plate 11 of the second heating element 10 or of the cooling element cools the brass plate of the first heating element 8 and therefore also the sample MP very rapidly from 200 ° C. to 182 ° C. By the lifter of the cooling element when reaching the limit temperature GT is additionally ensured that the Peltier elements 12 and 13 take no thermal damage, since the temperature of the brass plate 11 at any time does not exceed 100 ° C.
    From the time t4, the cooling element is again thermally decoupled from the first heating element 8, which is why the Peltier elements 12 and 13 cool the Mcssingplatte 11 again relatively quickly, whereupon the brass plate 11 at a time t4 reaches a lower limit temperature UT of 77 ° C. At this point in time t4, the control means 5 again deliver the control signal S1 to the motor M, whereupon the cooling element is returned to mechanical contact with the first heating element 8. Until a time t5, the temperature of the brass plate of the first heating element decreases to 168 ° C, at which time t5 the cooling element has again reached the limit temperature GT and. ...... Μ. * *: :: :: ::: ° ♦ * · · * * · * * · · is lifted off the first heating element 8 again.
    According to the exemplary embodiment, the cooling element 10 is temperature-controlled placed on the first heating element 8 and lifted again. By this stepwise cooling of the brass plate of the first heating element 8, which is connected via heat conduction with the sample MP, advantageously results in a particularly rapid cooling of the first heating element 8 and the sample MP.
    From a time t6, the cooling capacity of the two Peltier elements 12 and 13 is sufficient for the temperature T of the brass plate 11 to no longer reach the limit temperature GT, as a result of which the cooling element 10 continuously remains in mechanical contact with the first heating plate 8 from this point onwards cooled to below 50 ° C. Then the measurement sample MP can be taken from the flash point measuring device 1.
    FIG. 5 shows temperature curves of the temperature T of the brass plate of the first heating element 8, which illustrate the effect of different cooling methods. The uppermost temperature curve TI shows the course of the temperature T of the first heating element 8, and thus substantially the course of the temperature T of the sample MP, when the cooling is done exclusively by thermal convection with lifted or abgeschaltetem cooling element and heating elements switched off. In this case, the cooling from 230 ° C to 100 ° C takes almost 11 minutes (925s - 275s = 650 seconds), followed by cooling element 10 mounted on the first heating element 8 within less than 2 minutes (1040s - 925s = 115 seconds) Cool 50 ° C.
    The mean temperature curve T2 shows the course of the temperature T of the first heating element 8, and thus substantially the course of the temperature T of the sample MP, when the cooling element 10 is positioned at a distance A of 0.1 mm to the first heating element 8. Intensive thermal convection already takes place via this very small air gap, which is why the air gap forms a relatively low thermal resistance. However, the thermal resistance is large enough to prevent the brass plate 11 of the cooling element 10 from heating up to the limit temperature GT, which is why the distance A can be kept constant throughout the cooling process. In this case, with approximate, but not in mechanical contact with the first heating element 8 befindlichem cooling element 10, the cooling from 230 ° C to 100 ° C only takes just 6 minutes (630s - 275s = 355 seconds). By approximating the cooling element 10 to the first heating element 8, the first heating element 8 and the measuring sample MP could be cooled from 230 ° C to 100 ° C in almost half the time, whereby substantially more flash point measurements per day can be carried out with the flash point measuring device 1 than would be possible if only cooled by means of natural convection. As a result, a further possibility according to the invention is obtained for cooling the first heating plate 8 relatively quickly. The advantage of this embodiment is given by the fact that the Peltier elements do not have to undergo rapid temperature fluctuations, which extends the life of the Peltier elements.
    The lower temperature curve T3 shows the course of the temperature T of the first heating element, and thus substantially the course of the temperature of the sample MP when the Kühielcment 10 is temperature-controlled brought into mechanical contact with the first heating element 8, as described above with reference to FIG has been described. In this case, cooling from 230 ° C to 100 ° C takes only 2.58 minutes (430s - 275s = 155 seconds). In this way, advantageously, the number of flash point meterings per day with the flash point meter 1 can be further increased.
    According to a further exemplary embodiment of the invention, the control elements 5 control the motor M not in a temperature-controlled manner but in a time-controlled manner for mechanical contacting and again lifting of the cooling element 10 from the first heating element 8. This is possible if the physical parameters of the temperature control element 3 and the measurement sample MP remain essentially unchanged. For example, the thickness of the brass plates, or their heat storage capacity, and the cooling capacity of the Peltier elements 12 and 13 play a role as physical parameters of the tempering element 3. In this case, either the period of time can be determined empirically or mathematically, the cooling element 10 can be securely placed on the first heating element 8, without reaching or even exceeding the damage temperature of the Peltier elements. Since safety reserves must be planned in this case, the cooling element 10 can be placed on the first heating element 8 for only shorter time periods than is the case with the temperature control. In the case of a time-controlled temperature control element, it is possible to refer to the third temperature control element.
    Temperature sensor are omitted, which is why a cost-effective solution is obtained.
    By using the Peltier elements as the second heating element has the advantage that they can also be used for cooling and thus can be dispensed with a separate cooling element.
    The optimum distance A for the embodiment of the invention with constant distance A during the cooling process and the optimal distance A for the embodiment of the invention with interrupted mechanical contacting of the cooling element with the first heating element depend on several parameters. In the foregoing, reference has already been made to relevant physical parameters of the annealing element, but there are also other parameters such as humidity or minimum acceptable thermal resistance with the cooling element lifted off. Depending on the exemplary embodiment, the distance A of 0.5 mm or 5 mm can thus be optimal for the application.
    By providing the heat sink 14, the advantage is obtained that the Peltier elements operate particularly effectively. In FIG. 4, only a very slight increase in the temperature T of the heat sink is shown as the temperature profile T-K.
    It can be mentioned that also three, five or ten Peltier elements can be provided in a tempering element.
    It may be mentioned that cooling elements operating in accordance with another cooling principle could also be provided in a temperature control element.
    权利要求:
    Claims (11)
    [1]
    * · Η *

    1. Temperierungselcment (3) for a measuring device (1) for temperature control of a measuring sample (MP) with a first heating element (8), which is designed for delivering heat energy to the measuring sample (MP), and with a second heating element (10) which is designed to emit heat energy to the measurement sample (MP) by heat conduction via the first heating element (8). and with control means (5) for controlling the heating of the test sample (MP), wherein until reaching a limit temperature (GT) the first heating element (8) and preferably additionally the second heating element (10) are provided for heating the test sample (10) and wherein from the Grenztemperalur (GT) of the thermal resistance between the first heating element (8) and the second heating element (10) is increased, characterized in that the control means (5) upon reaching the limit temperature (GT) for mechanically separating the contacting of the first heating element (8) are formed with the second heating element (10), and that a cooling element (10) for removing heat energy is provided, and that the control means (5) for controlling the cooling of the measuring sample (MP) are formed, wherein by approaching the Cooling element (10) to the disconnected first heating element (8) and preferably by intermittently contacting the cooling element (10) with the disconnected first heating element (8) the measurement sample (MP) heat energy is withdrawn.
    [2]
    2. Temperierungselement (3) according to claim 1, characterized in that the cooling element (10) through the second heating element (10) and preferably by a Peltier element (12, 13) is formed.
    [3]
    3. Temperierungselement (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that both the first heating element (8) and the second heating element (10) are plate-shaped and that transport means (M) are provided by the control means (5). controlled, for contacting the plate surfaces of the heating elements (8, 10) and for separating the contacting by a plate spacing (A) are formed, wherein the plate spacing (A) is in particular greater than two millimeters, and preferably about three millimeters.
    [4]
    4. Tempcrierungselement (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized • * * * ·· * · * • · · · · · · · · * * * * * * * * * 't W characterized in that the second heating element ( 10) and preferably also the first heating element (8) having a temperature sensor (9, 15), wherein the limit temperature (GT) with the temperature sensor (15) of the second heating element (10) is measured, and that the Steuermitlel (5) to avoid an overheating of the cooling element (10) over the limit temperature (GT) for tempraturgestucuerten interrupted contacting the cooling element (10) with the first heating element (8) are ausgecbildct.
    [5]
    5. Temperierungselement (3) according to one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the control means (5) for the timed interrupted contacting of the cooling element (10) with the first heating element (8) are formed.
    [6]
    6. Tcmperierungselement (3) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that a cooling body (14) is provided, which is arranged in heat-conducting contact with the cooling element (12, 13).
    [7]
    7. Flash point measuring device (1) for measuring the flash point of measuring samples (MP), characterized in that a Temperierungselement (3) is provided according to one of claims 1 to 6.
    [8]
    8. temperature control method for a measuring device (1) for temperature control of a measurement sample (MP), wherein the following method steps are carried out: Aufheäzcn the measurement sample (MP) with a first heating element (8) and preferably additionally with a second heating element (10); Measurement on the test sample (MP); characterized in that the following method steps are carried out: separation of the mechanical contact between the first heating element (8) and the second heating element (10) when a limit temperature is exceeded during heating of the measuring sample (MP); Cooling the sample (MP) by approaching a cooling element (10) to the abgesehallete first heating element (8) to reduce the thermal resistance between Kühlclement (10) and the first heating element (8) for removing heat energy of the sample (MP), preferably the distance between the cooling element (10) and the first heating element (8) is changed over time.
    [9]
    9. Temperierungsverfahren according to claim 8, characterized in that the cooling element (10) as long as in heat-conducting contact with the first heating element (8) * »• * * * * is * brought until the cooling element (10) Gren / temperatur (GT) has reached. whereupon the heat-conducting contact is interrupted until a lower limit temperature (UT) is reached and the cooling element (10) is again brought into heat-conducting contact with the first heating element (8).
    [10]
    10. tempering s method according to claim 8, characterized in that the Kühlelemenl (10) for fixed periods of time in thermally conductive contact with the first heating element (8) was brought.
    [11]
    11. Temperierungsverfahren according to claim 8, characterized in that the cooling element (10) is positioned after the approach to the first heating element (8) during cooling at a constant distance with the same thermal resistance to the first heating element (10).
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    同族专利:
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    法律状态:
    2012-05-15| HA| Change or addition of new inventor|Inventor name: PHILIPP, MAG JORDAN, AT Effective date: 20120319 Inventor name: ANDREAS, ING. SCHWARZMANN, AT Effective date: 20120319 Inventor name: ERNST, ING HAMANN, AT Effective date: 20120319 Inventor name: ROLAND, DR. ASCHAUER, AT Effective date: 20120319 |
    优先权:
    申请号 | 申请日 | 专利标题
    AT0133310A|AT510043B1|2010-08-06|2010-08-06|TEMPERING ELEMENT FOR HEATING AND SMOKING COOLING OF MEASUREMENT SAMPLES|AT0133310A| AT510043B1|2010-08-06|2010-08-06|TEMPERING ELEMENT FOR HEATING AND SMOKING COOLING OF MEASUREMENT SAMPLES|
    US13/814,223| US20130128915A1|2010-08-06|2011-08-03|Temperature control element for heating and rapidly cooling measurement samples|
    PCT/EP2011/063369| WO2012017009A1|2010-08-06|2011-08-03|Temperature control element for heating and rapidly cooling measurement samples|
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